Determinanten der Wahrnehmung sozialer Konflikte. Objektive und subjektive Faktoren im Ländervergleich
Schlagworte:
Ländervergleich, Mehrebenenanalyse, Mittelschichtgesellschaft, Stratifikationsvorstellungen, Wahrnehmung sozialer KonflikteAbstract
Seit rund drei Jahrzehnten verzeichnen zahlreiche OECD-Länder wieder eine wachsende sozio-ökonomische Ungleichheit, und vormalige Mittelschichtgesellschaften geraten zunehmend unter Druck. In der Konsequenz mag auch die Wahrnehmung vertikaler sozialer Konflikte wieder an Bedeutung gewinnen. Unter Nutzung von Individualdaten des International Social Survey Programme 2009 sowie geeigneter Ländervariablen wird in diesem Beitrag ein Vergleich objektiver und subjektiver Determinanten der Wahrnehmung sozialer Konflikte vorgenommen. Die Befunde von Mehrebenenanalysen auf der Basis von 27 OECD-Ländern zeigen, dass von aggregierten subjektiven Stratifikationsvorstellungen eine eigenständige Erklärungskraft ausgeht, welche die Wirkmächtigkeit objektiver Ländervariablen dominiert.Literaturhinweise
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Przeworski, A., Wallerstein, M. 1982: The structure of class conflict in democratic capitalist societies. American Political Science Review, Vol. 76, No. 2, 215–238.
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Vanneman, R., Pampel, F. C. 1977: The American perception of class and status. American Sociological Review, Vol. 42, No. 3, 422–437.
Wilkinson, R. G., Pickett, K. 2009: The spirit level. Why more equal societies almost always do better. London: Allen Lane.
Wright, E. O. 1987: Classes. London: Verso.
Wright, E. O. 1989: The comparative project on class structure and class consciousness. An overview. Acta Sociologica, Vol. 32, No. 1, 3–22.
Bigot, R., Croutte, P., Muller, J., Osier, G. 2012: The middle classes in Europe: Evidence from the LIS Data. LIS Working Paper Series No. 580, http://www.lisdatacenter.org/wps/liswps/580.pdf (letzter Aufruf 17. Dezember 2016).
Birdsall, N., Graham, C., Pettinato, S. 2000: Stuck in the tunnel: Is globalization muddling the middle class? Center on Social and Economic Dynamics, Working Paper No. 14, http://www.brookings.edu/research/reports/2000/08/globaleconomics-birdsall (letzter Aufruf 17. Dezember 2016).
Brady, D. 2009: Economic globalization and increasing earnings inequality in affluent democracies. Economic Sociology of Work: Research in the Sociology of Work, Vol. 18, 149–181.
Collins, R. 1975: Conflict sociology. Toward an explanatory science. New York: Academic Press.
Dahrendorf, R. 1957: Soziale Klassen und Klassenkonflikt in industriellen Gesellschaften. Stuttgart: Ferdinand Enke.
Dahrendorf, R. 1959: Class and class conflict in industrial societies. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Dahrendorf, R. 1961: Gesellschaft und Freiheit. Zur soziologischen Analyse der Gegenwart. München: Piper.
Dahrendorf, R. 1971: Zu einer Theorie des sozialen Konflikts. In W. Zapf (Hg.), Theorien des sozialen Wandels. Köln: Kiepenheuer & Witsch, 108–123.
Dahrendorf, R. 1992: Der moderne soziale Konflikt. Essay zur Politik der Freiheit. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt.
Delhey, J., Dragolov, G. 2014: Why inequality makes Europeans less happy. The role of distrust, status anxiety, and perceived conflict. European Sociological Review, Vol. 30, No. 2, 151–165.
Delhey, J., Keck, W. 2008: The perception of group conflicts. Different challenges for social cohesion in new and old member states. In J. Alber, T. Fahey, C. Saraceno (Hg.), Handbook of quality of life in the enlarged European Union. London: Routledge, 328–351.
DiPrete, T. A. 2005: Labor markets, inequality, and change. A European perspective. Work and Occupations, Vol. 32, No. 2, 119–139.
Easterly, W. 2001: The middle class consensus and economic development. Journal of Economic Growth, Vol. 6, No. 4, 317–335.
Edlund, J., Lindh, A. 2015: The democratic class struggle revisited. The welfare state, social cohesion and political conflict. Acta Sociologica, Vol. 58, No. 4, 311–328.
Evans, M. D. R., Kelley, J., Kolosi, T. 1992: Images of class. Public perceptions in Hungary and Australia. American Sociological Review, Vol. 57, No. 4, 461–482.
Förster, M. F., d’Ercole, M. M. 2009: The OECD approach to measuring income distribution and poverty: Strengths, limits and statistical issues, http://umdcipe.org/conferences/oecdumd/conf_papers/Papers/The_OECD_Approach_to_Measuring_Income_Distribution_and_Poverty.pdf (letzter Aufruf 17. Dezember 2016).
Geiger, T. 1949: Die Klassengesellschaft im Schmelztiegel. Köln: Kiepenheuer.
Giddens, A. 1973: The class structure of the advanced societies. London: Hutchinson.
Glatzer, W. 2008: Well-being: Perception and measurement. In Council of Europe (Hg.), Well-being for all. Concepts and tools for social cohesion. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishing, 99–118.
Glatzer, W. 2012: Cross-national comparisons of quality of life in developed nations, including the impact of globalization. In K. C. Land, A. C. Michalos, M. J. Sirgy (Hg.), Handbook of social indicators and quality of life research. Dordrecht: Springer, 381–398.
Gouldner, A. W. 1979: The future of intellectuals and the rise of the new class. A frame of reference, theses, conjectures, arguments, and an historical perspective on the role of intellectuals and intelligentsia in the international class contest of the modern era. London: Macmillan.
Grabka, M. M., Frick, J. R. 2008: The shrinking German middle class – Signs of long-term polarization in disposable income? DIW Berlin Weekly Report, No. 4/2008, 21–27.
Hadler, M. 2003: Ist der Klassenkonflikt überholt? Die Wahrnehmung von vertikalen Konflikten im internationalen Vergleich. Soziale Welt, 54. Jg., Heft 2, 175–200.
Hox, J. J. 2010: Multilevel analysis. Techniques and applications. New York: Routledge.
Kelley, J., Evans, M. D. R. 2000: Public perceptions of class conflict in 21 nations. In N. Tos, P. P. Mohler, B. Malnar (Hg.), Modern society and values: A comparative analysis based on the ISSP Project. Ljubljana: Scientific Library/FSS Series 39, University of Ljubljana und ZUMA Mannheim, 43–71.
Kerbo, H. R. 2012: Social stratification and inequality. Class conflict in historical, comparative, and global perspective. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Korpi, W. 1983: The democratic class struggle. London: Routledge.
Larsen, C. A. 2013: The rise and fall of social cohesion. The construction and de-construction of social trust in the US, UK, Sweden and Denmark. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Littrell, J., Brooks, F., Ivery, J., Ohmer, M. L. 2010: Why you should care about the threatened middle class. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, Vol. 37, No. 2, 87–113.
Milanovic, B. 2005: Worlds apart. Measuring international and global inequality. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
OECD 2008: Growing unequal? Income distribution and poverty in OECD countries. Paris: OECD, http://www.oecd.org/els/soc/growingunequalincomedistributionandpovertyinoecdcountries.htm (letzter Aufruf 17. Dezember 2016).
OECD 2011: Divided we stand. Why inequality keeps rising. Paris: OECD. http://www.oecd.org/els/soc/dividedwestandwhyinequalitykeepsrising.htm (letzter Aufruf 17. Dezember 2016).
Pressman, S. 2007: The decline of the middle class: An international perspective. Journal of Economic Issues, Vol. 41, No. 1, 181–200.
Przeworski, A., Wallerstein, M. 1982: The structure of class conflict in democratic capitalist societies. American Political Science Review, Vol. 76, No. 2, 215–238.
Savage, M., Devine, F., Cunningham, N., Friedman, S., Laurison, D., Miles, A., Snee, H., Taylor, M. 2015: On social class, anno 2014. Sociology, Vol. 49, No. 6, 1011–1030.
Snijders, T. A. B., Bosker, R. J. 2012: Multilevel analysis. An introduction to basic and advanced multilevel modeling. London: Sage.
Vanneman, R., Pampel, F. C. 1977: The American perception of class and status. American Sociological Review, Vol. 42, No. 3, 422–437.
Wilkinson, R. G., Pickett, K. 2009: The spirit level. Why more equal societies almost always do better. London: Allen Lane.
Wright, E. O. 1987: Classes. London: Verso.
Wright, E. O. 1989: The comparative project on class structure and class consciousness. An overview. Acta Sociologica, Vol. 32, No. 1, 3–22.
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Sektion Soz. Ungleichheit u. Sozialstrukturanalyse: Aktuelle Forschungsprojekte zu Sozialstruktur u. soz. Ungleichheit
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